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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">creexp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Crede Experto: транспорт, общество, образование, язык</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Crede Experto: transport, society, education, language</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Иркутский филиал ФГБОУ ВО «МГТУ ГА»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">creexp-161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМЫ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ВОЗДУШНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное состояние и перспективы развития систем планирования использования воздушного пространства. Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current state and prospects for development of systems for planning airspace management. Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-2861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Княжский</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazhsky</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Юрьевич Княжский, кандидат технических наукпроспект Обуховской обороны, д. 120, Санкт-Петербург, 192012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Yu. Knyazhsky, Candidate of Technical SciencesObukhovskaya Oborony Avenue, 120, St. Petersburg, 192012, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">knjagskij@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3772-7636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баушев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baushev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Валентинович Баушев, доктор военных наук, профессорпроспект Обуховской обороны, д. 120, Санкт-Петербург, 192012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Baushev, Doctor of Military Sciences, ProfessorObukhovskaya Oborony Avenue, 120, St. Petersburg, 192012, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.baushev@goz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">АО «Обуховский завод»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">JSC «Obukhov Plant»<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Княжский А.Ю., Баушев С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Княжский А.Ю., Баушев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knyazhsky A.Y., Baushev S.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ce.if-mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/161">https://ce.if-mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/161</self-uri><abstract><p>В общей системе организации воздушного движения одну из основных функций выполняет подсистема планирования использования воздушного пространства, осуществляющая предварительное (стратегическое), суточное (предтактическое) и текущее (тактическое) планирование с требуемыми показателями качества, значения которых зависят от расположения и задач аэродрома.Данная статья является первой частью обзора существующих систем планирования использования воздушного пространства. Целью настоящего исследования является обзор и сравнительный анализ существующих моделей воздушного движения. В настоящее время известны следующие модели воздушной обстановки: сетевые, вероятностные, динамики загрузки, экспертные, развития воздушной обстановки, потенциалов, энтропийные. В статье проведен их обзор, выявлены преимущества и недостатки. Данные модели используются для прогнозирования интенсивности воздушного движения, вычисления кратчайших маршрутов, формирования порядка вылетов и прилетов воздушных судов. Однако возрастание требований к пропускной способности воздушного пространства и необходимость обеспечения высокого уровня безопасности воздушного движения, при ограничениях параметров полета воздушных судов, расходу топлива и другим показателям качества обслуживания воздушного движения создает проблемную ситуацию, которая в настоящее время не решена в существующих системах планирования использования воздушного пространства. Использование существующих моделей при высокоинтенсивном воздушном движении приводит к существенному повышению среднего расхода топлива, в связи с чем необходимо их совершенствовать.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the general air traffic management system, one of the main functions is performed by the airspace planning (ASP) subsystem, which carries out preliminary (strategic), daily (pre-tactical) and current (tactical) planning with the required quality indicators, the values of which depend on the location and tasks of the aerodrome.The paper is the first part of the review of existing airspace planning systems. The purpose of the study is to review and comparatively analyze existing air traffic models. Currently, the following air situation models are known: network, probabilistic, load dynamics, expert, air situation development, potentials, entropy. The paper provides an overview of them, identifying their advantages and disadvantages. These models are used to predict air traffic intensity, calculate the shortest routes, form the order of departures and arrivals of aircraft. However, the increase in requirements for airspace capacity and the need to ensure a high level of air traffic safety, with restrictions on aircraft flight parameters, fuel consumption and other indicators of air traffic service quality creates a problematic situation, which, at present, has not been resolved in the existing airspace planning systems. The use of existing models in high-intensity air traffic leads to a significant increase in average fuel consumption, which is why they need to be improved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модели воздушной обстановки</kwd><kwd>планирование использования воздушного пространства</kwd><kwd>ПИВП</kwd><kwd>безопасность воздушного движения</kwd><kwd>расход топлива</kwd><kwd>траектории</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>air situation models</kwd><kwd>airspace planning</kwd><kwd>ASP</kwd><kwd>air traffic safety</kwd><kwd>fuel consumption</kwd><kwd>trajectories</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баушев С. В. О разработке экспертных систем как инструмента поддержки принятия решения руководителем / С. В. Баушев, Т. Л. Ткаченко // Радионавигация и время: труды СЗРЦ Концерна ВКО «Алмаз – Антей». 2021. № 7(15). С. 24-52. 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