<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">creexp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Crede Experto: транспорт, общество, образование, язык</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Crede Experto: transport, society, education, language</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Иркутский филиал ФГБОУ ВО «МГТУ ГА»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51955/2312-1327_2023_4_78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">creexp-114</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ  АВИАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Issues, prospects of development and application of unmanned aircraft systems</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к проектированию и практика применения беспилотных воздушных судов самолётного типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to design and practice of unmanned aerial vehicles of the airplane type</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-6402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоробогатов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorobogatov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Викторович Скоробогатов, кандидат технических наукул. Коммунаров, 3 Иркутск, 664047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V.  Skorobogatov, Candidate of Technical Sciences3, Kommunarov Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maestro.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8996-8895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутуров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buturov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Бутуровул. Коммунаров, 3 Иркутск, 664047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Buturov3, Kommunarov Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimabutur345@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический&#13;
университет гражданской авиации (Иркутский филиал)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (Irkutsk branch)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет&#13;
гражданской авиации (Иркутский филиал),<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (Irkutsk branch)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скоробогатов С.В., Бутуров Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скоробогатов С.В., Бутуров Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skorobogatov S.V., Buturov D.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ce.if-mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/114">https://ce.if-mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/114</self-uri><abstract><p>Сегодня беспилотная авиация нашла широкое применение во многих сферах человеческой деятельности. За последние пару десятков лет такая техника перешла из разряда военной или экспериментальной экзотики в нечто прикладное и повсеместно распространённое. Занимая всё новые ниши, беспилотные воздушные суда (БВС) получают все новые функции, для реализации которых конструкторами порой принимаются довольно смелые решения, редко встречающиеся в «большой» пилотируемой авиации. В статье исследуется текущее состояние отрасли гражданских БВС самолётного типа на предмет их конструкционных особенностей, а также специфики применения в различных отраслях экономики. Анализу подвергаются принципы, лежащие в основе выбора той или иной аэродинамической схемы БВС на этапе его проектирования. Рассматриваются преимущества, недостатки и ограничения конкретной компоновки планера БВС, применяемой силовой установки и конструкционных материалов в контексте сценариев возможного применения БВС. На основе обобщения параметров, подвергнутых анализу, выделяется ряд классификационных признаков, которые в дальнейшем возможно использовать в качестве основы для выполнения всесторонней классификации широкого спектра представителей беспилотной авиации гражданского назначения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nowadays unmanned aviation has found wide application in many fields of human activity. Over the last two decades, such technology has moved from the category of military or experimental exotics to something applied and ubiquitous. Occupying more and more new spheres, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) get all the new functions. For their implementation the designers often take quite bold decisions, which are rare in the «big» manned aviation. The article examines the current state of the civilian airplane-type UAVs industry in terms of their design features, as well as the specifics of their application in various sectors of the economy. The authors analyse the principles underlying the choice of this or that aerodynamic scheme of a UAVs on the process of its design. In the context of possible UAVs application scenarios the advantages and disadvantages as well as limitations of a particular UAVs airframe layout, applied engine unit and construction materials are under consideration. Based on a summary of the parameters analysed, it stands out a number of classification features, which can be used as a basis for a comprehensive classification of a wide range of unmanned civil aviation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беспилотное воздушное судно</kwd><kwd>беспилотная авиационная система</kwd><kwd>БВС</kwd><kwd>БАС</kwd><kwd>БПЛА</kwd><kwd>дрон</kwd><kwd>беспилотник</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>аэродинамическая компоновка</kwd><kwd>особенности применения</kwd><kwd>анализ отрасли</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unmanned aircraft</kwd><kwd>unmanned aviation system</kwd><kwd>UAV</kwd><kwd>UAS</kwd><kwd>drone</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>aerodynamic layout</kwd><kwd>application features</kwd><kwd>industry analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бегалиев Е. Н. О перспективах применения беспилотных летательных аппаратов в ходе производства отдельных следственных действий // Вестник Восточно-Сибирского института МВД России. 2019. № 2(89). С. 163-172. DOI 10.24411/2312-3184-2019-00016. EDN ZTSUTZ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmad H., Tariq A., Shehzad A., Faheem M. S., Shafiq M., Rashid I. A., Khaliq Z. (2019). Stealth technology: Methods and composite materials—A review. Polymer Composites. 40(12): 4457- 4472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беспилотная авиация: терминология, классификация, современное состояние / В. С. Фетисов, Л. М. Неугодникова, В. В. Адамовский, Р. А. Красноперов. Уфа: ФОТОН, 2014. 217 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alsahlan A. A., Rahulan T. (2017). Aerofoil design for unmanned high-altitude aft-swept flying wings. Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management. 9: 335-345.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бреус Н. Л. Технологии беспилотного пилотирования при контроле строительства и эксплуатации линейных объектов капитального строительства / Н. Л. Бреус, А. Е. Токарев, А. А. Токарев // Вестник евразийской науки. 2022. Т. 14, № 3. С. 14. EDN YCKHWN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Begaliev E. N. (2019). On the prospects for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles during the production of certain investigative actions. Bulletin of the East-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2(89): 163-172. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вождаев В. В. Характеристики радиолокационной заметности летательных аппаратов / В. В. Вождаев, Л. Л. Теперин. М.: Физматлит, 2018. 376 с</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Békési B., Makkay I., Palik M., Bottyán Z., Dunai P., Halászné T. A., Wührl T. (2013). Pilóta nélküli repülés profiknak és amatőröknek. Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem, 2013. 323 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вторый В. Ф. Перспективы экологического мониторинга сельскохозяйственных объектов с использованием беспилотных летательных аппаратов / В. Ф. Вторый, С. В. Вторый // Технологии и технические средства механизированного производства продукции растениеводства и животноводства. 2017. № 92. С. 158-166. EDN ZMEBEN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bikkannavar K., Scholz D. (2016). Investigation and design of a C-Wing passenger aircraft. INCAS Bulletin. 8(2): 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евтодьева М. Г. Беспилотные летательные аппараты военного назначения: тенденции в сфере разработок и производства / М. Г. Евтодьева, С. В. Целицкий // Пути к миру и безопасности. 2019. № 2(57). С. 104-111. DOI 10.20542/2307-1494-2019-2-104-111. EDN PGAVPH.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breus N. L., Tokarev A. E., Tokarev A. A. (2022). Technologies of unmanned piloting in the control of construction and operation of linear objects of capital construction. Bulletin of Eurasian science. 14(3): 14. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Использование беспилотных летательных аппаратов в сельском хозяйстве / Ю. Н. Зубарев, Д. С. Фомин, А. Н. Чащин, М. В. Заболотнова // Вестник Пермского федерального исследовательского центра. 2019. № 2. С. 47-51. DOI 10.7242/2658-705X/2019.2.5. EDN TITLEP.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chu L., Gu F., Du X., Zhang M., He Y., Chen C. (2023). Aerodynamic configuration and control optimization for a novel horizontal-rope shipborne recovery fixed-wing UAV system. Aerospace Science and Technology. 137: 108253.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конюхов И. К. Анализ применения аэродинамической схемы "летающее крыло" на беспилотных летательных аппаратах класса "воздух-поверхность" // Труды МАИ. 2018. № 99. С. 4. EDN OSRBXB.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clark R. M. (2000). Uninhabited combat aerial vehicles: airpower by the people, for the people, but not with the people. Alabama: Air University Press. 2000. 89 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коптев С. В. О возможностях применения беспилотных летательных аппаратов в лесохозяйственной практике / С. В. Коптев, О. В. Скуднева // Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал. 2018. № 1(361). С. 130-138. DOI 10.17238/issn0536- 1036.2018.1.130. EDN YNMFDU.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evtodieva M. G., Tselitsky S. V. (2019). Unmanned aerial vehicles for military use: trends in development and production. Ways to Peace and Security. 2(57): 104-111. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котарев С. Н. Использование беспилотных летательных аппаратов для обеспечения безопасности на объектах транспорта / С. Н. Котарев, О. В. Котарева, А. Н. Александров // Вестник Восточно-Сибирского института МВД России. 2017. № 4(83). С. 199-204. EDN YLQBDD.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fetisov V. S., Neugodnikova L. M., Adamovsky V. V., Krasnoperov R. A. (2014). Unmanned aviation: terminology, classification, current state. Ufa: PHOTON, 2014. 217 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макаренко С. И. Анализ средств и способов противодействия беспилотным летательным аппаратам. Часть 1. Беспилотный летательный аппарат как объект обнаружения и поражения / С. И. Макаренко, А. В. Тимошенко, А. С. Васильченко // Системы управления, связи и безопасности. 2020. № 1. С. 109-146. DOI 10.24411/2410-9916-2020-10105. EDN YIBMFH.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frederick G., Kaepp G. A., Kudelko C. M., Schuster P. J., Domas F., Haardt U. G., Lenz W. (1995). Optimization of expanded polypropylene foam coring to improve bumper foam core energy absorbing capability. SAE transactions. 394-400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мерзликин В. Е. Радиоуправляемые модели планеров. М.: ДОСААФ, 1982. 160 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ge C., Ren Q., Wang S., Zheng W., Zhai W., Park C. B. (2017). Steam-chest molding of expanded thermoplastic polyurethane bead foams and their mechanical properties. Chemical Engineering Science. 174: 337-346.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овчинникова Н. Г. Применение беспилотных летательных аппаратов для ведения землеустройства, кадастра и градостроительства / Н. Г. Овчинникова, Д. А. Медведков // Экономика и экология территориальных образований. 2019. № 1. С. 98-108. DOI 10.23947/2413-1474-2019-3-1-98-108. EDN VUULFW.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glazyrin A. B., Basyrov A. A., Sultanov A. I., Zaripov T. F., Nurgaleev I. I. (2017). Technological and electrical conductive properties of polymer compositions based on butadiene-styrene block copolymer. Dostizhenie nauki i obrazovanie. 1(14): 14-17. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Опыт применения БПЛА в экологических исследованиях популяции байкальской нерпы (Pusa sibirica Gm.) в период начала формирования береговых лежбищ / К. М. Иванов, А. Б. Купчинский, М. Е. Овдин [и др.] // Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2022. № 8(122). С. 5. DOI 10.23670/IRJ.2022.122.106. EDN ARRVEN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goh G. D., Agarwala S., Goh G. L., Dikshit V., Sing S. L., Yeong W. Y. (2017). Additive manufacturing in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): Challenges and potential. Aerospace Science and Technology. 63: 140-151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павленко А. М. Исследования обтекания модели летающего крыла при натурных числах Рейнольдса / А. М. Павленко, Б. Ю. Занин, М. М. Катасонов // Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: Физика. 2015. Т. 10. № 3. С. 19-25. EDN VHLIIJ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalo J., López D., Domínguez D., García A., Escapa A. (2018). On the capabilities and limitations of high altitude pseudo-satellites. Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 98: 37-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров Г. Ф. Гидросамолёты и экранопланы России 1910-1999. РУСАВИА, 2000. 243 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hairi S. M. F. B. S., Saleh S. J. M. B. M., Ariffin A. H., Omar Z. B. (2023). A Review on Composite Aerostructure Development for UAV Application. Green Hybrid Composite in Engineering and Non-Engineering Applications. 137-157.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скуднева О. В. Беспилотные летательные аппараты в системе лесного хозяйства России // Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал. 2014. № 6(342). С. 150-154. EDN TALVRL.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov K. M., Kupchinsky A. B., Ovdin M. E., Petrov E. A., Syrovatsky A. A., Shabanov D. E. (2022). Experience of using UAV in ecological studies of the Baikal seal (pusa sibirica gm.) population during the period of the beginning of the formation of coastal rookeries. International Research Journal. 8(122): 5. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скуднева О. В. Навигационно-пилотажная система беспилотного летательного аппарата для мониторинга лесных пожаров / О. В. Скуднева, С. В. Коптев, С. В. Иванцов // Известия высших учебных заведений. Лесной журнал. 2020. № 6(378). С. 194-203. DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-194-203. EDN XPQVNQ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klimenko N. N. (2018). First Operational Pseudo-satellites for Military and Civil Users. Aerospace Sphere Journal. (3): 64-77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суконников О. Г. Анализ применимости БПЛА при геодезическом контроле строящихся и эксплуатируемых автомобильных дорог / О. Г. Суконников, А. А. Неретин, В. А. Гурьев // САПР и ГИС автомобильных дорог. 2017. № 2(9). С. 44-48. DOI 10.17273/CADGIS.2017.2.5. EDN XOSZNR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyukhov I. K. (2018). Analysis of the application of the aerodynamic scheme «flying wing» on unmanned aerial vehicles of the class «air-surface». Proceedings of MAI. 99: 4. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Термопластичные материалы нового поколения для авиации / Г. Н. Петрова, С. А. Ларионов, М. М. Платонов, Д. Н. Перфилова // Авиационные материалы и технологии. 2017. № S. С. 420-436. DOI 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-420-436. EDN YRVMHN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koptev S. V.,  Skudneva O. V. (2018). On the possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles in forestry practice. Izvestia vysshee obrazovaniya. Forestry journal. 1(361): 130-138. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Технологические и электропроводящие свойства полимерных композиций на основе бутадиен-стирольного блока сополимера / А. Б. Глазырин, А. А. Басыров, А. И. Султанов [и др.] //Достижения науки и образования. 2017. № 1(14). С. 14-17. EDN XQSGUL.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotarev S. N., Kotareva O. V., Aleksandrov A. N. (2017). The use of unmanned aerial vehicles to ensure security at transportation facilities. Vestnik of the East-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 4(83): 199-204. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A Review on Composite Aerostructure Development for UAV Application / S. M. F. B. S. Hairi, S. J. M. B. M. Saleh, A. H. Ariffin, Z. B. Omar // Green Hybrid Composite in Engineering and Non-Engineering Applications. 2023. P. 137-157.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurukularachchi P. L., Munasinghe S. R., De Silva H. R. P. S. (2016). Stability analysis for a twin boom H-tail Medium Scale UAV through simulated dynamic model. In 2016 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon). 415-420.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Additive manufacturing in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): Challenges and potential / G. D. Goh, S. Agarwala, G. L. Goh, V. Dikshit, S. L. Sing, W. Y. Yeong // Aerospace Science and Technology. 2017. Vol. 63. P. 140-151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J., Zhang M., Tay C. M. J., Liu N., Cui Y., Chew S. C., Khoo B. C. (2022). Low-Reynoldsnumber airfoil design optimization using deep-learning-based tailored airfoil modes. Aerospace Science and Technology. 121: 107309.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aerodynamic configuration and control optimization for a novel horizontal-rope shipborne recovery fixed-wing UAV system / L. Chu, F. Gu, X. Du, M. Zhang, Y. He, C. Chen // Aerospace Science and Technology. 2023. Vol. 137. P. 108253.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang L., Lin Y., Huang Y., Chen M. (2022). Broadband stealth composite metastructure with high penetration protection. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 160: 107069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alsahlan A. A. Aerofoil design for unmanned high-altitude aft-swept flying wings / A. A. Alsahlan, T. Rahulan // Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management. 2017. Vol. 9. P. 335-345.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarenko S. I., Timoshenko A. V., Vasilchenko A. S. (2020). Analysis of means and methods of counteraction to unmanned aerial vehicles. Part 1. Unmanned aerial vehicle as an object of detection and defeat. Control Systems, Communications and Security. 1: 109-146. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bikkannavar K. Investigation and design of a C-Wing passenger aircraft / K. Bikkannavar, D. Scholz // INCAS Bulletin. 2016. Vol. 8. № 2. P. 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McNabb M. (2016). Changing Forecasts: The Drone Industry Surprise. Available at: https://dronelife.com/2016/04/08/comparing-drone-industry-forecasts/ (accessed 10 November 2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Broadband stealth composite metastructure with high penetration protection / L. Liang, Y. Lin, Y. Huang, M. Chen // Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2022. Vol. 160. P. 107069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merzlikin V. Е. (1982). Radio-controlled models of gliders. Ripol Classic. 1982. 160 p. (in Russian) Naveen R. (2018). Aerodynamic Analysis of C-Wing Aircraft. INCAS Bulletin. 10(3): 157-165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clark R. M. Uninhabited combat aerial vehicles: airpower by the people, for the people, but not with the people. Alabama : Air University Press, 2000. 89 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nugroho G., Hutagaol Y. D., Zuliardiansyah G. (2022). Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of VTOL Arm Configurations of a VTOL Plane UAV Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation. Drones. 6(12): 392.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Equivalent mechanical model of resin-coated aramid paper of Nomex honeycomb / J. Sun, Y. Wang, P. Zhou, M. Wang, R. Kang, Z. Dong // International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 2023. Vol. 240. P. 107935.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nugroho G., Zuliardiansyah G., Rasyiddin A. A. (2022). Performance Analysis of Empennage Configurations on a Surveillance and Monitoring Mission of a VTOL-Plane UAV Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation. Aerospace. 9(4): 208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of composite sandwich panels with a hybrid facesheet / S. Zhu, Y. Wang, L. Zhou, W. Yi, L. Hu, J. Liu, X. Kang, H. Li // Polymer Composites. 2023. 44(6). p. 3196-3208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikova N. G., Medvedkov D. A. (2019). Application of unmanned aerial vehicles for land management, cadastre and urban planning. Economics and ecology of territorial formations. 1: 98- 108. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flatwise compression behavior of composite Nomex® honeycomb sandwich structure / W. Zhao, R. Jia, X. Li, J. Zhao, Z. Xie // Journal of Sandwich Structures &amp; Materials. 2022. Vol. 24. № 2. P. 1169-1188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panagiotou P., Yakinthos K. (2020). Aerodynamic efficiency and performance enhancement of fixed-wing UAVs. Aerospace Science and Technology. 99: 105575.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klimenko N. N. First Operational Pseudo-satellites for Military and Civil Users // Aerospace Sphere Journal. 2018. № 3(96). P. 64-77. DOI 10.30981/2587-7992-2018-96-3-64-77. – EDN UXASBM.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panayotov H., Penchev S., Kolibarov D. (2017). Experimental study of canard UAV aerodynamics. MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. 133: 01002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurukularachchi P. L. Stability analysis for a twin boom H-tail Medium Scale UAV through simulated dynamic model / P. L. Kurukularachchi, S. R. Munasinghe, H. De Silva // 2016 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon). IEEE, 2016. P. 415-420.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panta A., Mohamed A., Marino M., Watkins S., Fisher A. (2018). Unconventional control solutions for small fixed wing unmanned aircraft. Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 102: 122-135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Low-Reynolds-number airfoil design optimization using deep-learning-based tailored airfoil modes / J. Li, M. Zhang, C. M. J. Tay, N. Liu, Y. Cui, S. C. Chew, B. C. Khoo // Aerospace Science and Technology. 2022. Vol. 121. P. 107309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlenko A. M., Zanin B. Yu., Katasonov M. M. (2015). Investigations of a flying wing model streamline at natural Reynolds numbers. Bulletin of Novosibirsk State University. Series: Physics. 10(3): 19-25. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of the Composite UAV Used for Search-and-Rescue Missions / S. M. Zaharia, I. S. Pascariu, L. A. Chicos, G. R. Buican, M. A. Pop, C. Lancea, V. M. Stamate // Drones. 2023. Vol. 7. № 10. P. 602.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrov G. F. (2000). Hydroplanes and wing-in-surface-effect vehicles of Russia 1910-1999. RUSAVIA, 2000. 243 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McNabb M. Changing Forecasts: The Drone Industry Surprise // [Электронный ресурс]. – 2016. URL: https://dronelife.com/2016/04/08/comparing-drone-industry-forecasts/ (дата обращения 10.11.2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrova G. N., Larionov S. A., Platonov M. M., Perfilova D. N. (2017). Thermoplastic materials of new generation for aviation. Aviation materials and technologies. S: 420-436. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motor noise reduction of unmanned aerial vehicles / H. Xu, D. Kong, Y. Qian, X. Tang // Applied Acoustics. 2022. Vol. 198. P. 108979. Naveen R. Aerodynamic Analysis of C-Wing Aircraft // INCAS Bulletin. 2018. Vol. 10. № 3. P. 157-165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarhidai G. Robotrepülőgépek. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó, 1986. 63 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nugroho G. Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of VTOL Arm Configurations of a VTOL Plane UAV Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation / G. Nugroho, Y. D. Hutagaol, G. Zuliardiansyah // Drones. 2022a. Vol. 6. № 12. P. 392.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Septiyana A., Ramadiansyah M. L., Jayanti E. B., Hidayat K., Rizaldi A., Atmasari N., Suseno P. A. P. (2021). Static stability analysis on twin tail boom UAV using numerical method. AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing. 2366(1): 030002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nugroho G. Performance Analysis of Empennage Configurations on a Surveillance and Monitoring Mission of a VTOL-Plane UAV Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation / G. Nugroho, G. Zuliardiansyah, A. A. Rasyiddin // Aerospace. 2022b. Vol. 9. № 4. P. 208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaker S. M., Wise A. R. (1988). War without men. Robots on the future battlefield. Washington: Pergammon-Brassey’s, 1988. 196 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">On the capabilities and limitations of high altitude pseudo-satellites / J. Gonzalo, D. López, D. Domínguez, A. García, A. Escapa // Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 2018. Vol. 98. P. 37-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shen B., Liu H., Lv S. (2023). Topology optimization of UAV structure based on homogenization of honeycomb core. AIP Advances. 13(5): 055223</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Optimization of expanded polypropylene foam coring to improve bumper foam core energy absorbing capability / G. Frederick, G. A. Kaepp, C. M. Kudelko, P. J. Schuster, F. Domas, U. G. Haardt, W. Lenz // SAE transactions. 1995. P. 394-400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skinner S. N., Zare-Behtash H. (2018). Study of a C-wing configuration for passive drag and load alleviation. Journal of Fluids and Structures. 78: 175-196.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panagiotou P. Aerodynamic efficiency and performance enhancement of fixed-wing UAVs / P. Panagiotou, K. Yakinthos // Aerospace Science and Technology. 2019. Vol. 99. P. 105575. DOI 10.1016/j.ast.2019.105575.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skudneva O. V. (2014). Unmanned aerial vehicles in the system of forestry in Russia. Izvestiya vysshee obrazovaniye. Lesnoy zhurnal. 6(342): 150-154. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panayotov H. Experimental study of canard UAV aerodynamics / H. Panayotov, S. Penchev, D. Kolibarov // MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. 2017. Vol. 133. P. 01002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skudneva O. V., Koptev S. V., Ivantsov S. V. (2020). Navigation and piloting system of an unmanned aerial vehicle for monitoring forest fires. Izvestia vysshee obrazovaniya. Forest journal. 6(378): 194-203. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pilóta nélküli repülés profiknak és amatőröknek / B. Békési, I. Makkay, M. Palik, Z. Bottyán, P. Dunai, T. A. Halászné, T. Wührl. Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem, 2013. 323 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukonnikov O. G., Neretin А. A., Guriev V. A. (2017). Analysis of the applicability of UAVs in geodetic control of roads under construction and in operation. CAD and GIS of highways. 2(9): 44- 48. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarhidai G. Robotrepülőgépek. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó, 1986. 63 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun J., Wang Y., Zhou P., Wang M., Kang R., Dong Z. (2023). Equivalent mechanical model of resin-coated aramid paper of Nomex honeycomb. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 240: 107935.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaker S. M. War Without Men: Robots on the Future Battlefield / S. M. Shaker, A. R. Wise. Washington: Pergammon-Brassey’s, 1988. 196 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suresh C., Ramesh K., Paramaguru V. (2015). Aerodynamic performance analysis of a non-planar C-wing using CFD. Aerospace Science and Technology. 40: 56-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shen B. Topology optimization of UAV structure based on homogenization of honeycomb core / B. Shen, H. Liu, S. Lv // AIP Advances. 2023. Vol. 13. № 5. P. 055223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szczepaniak P., Jóźko M. (2017). Research of pneumatic distributors for launcher of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Journal of KONBiN. 43(1): 249-276.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skinner S. N. Study of a C-wing configuration for passive drag and load alleviation / S. N. Skinner, H. Zare-Behtash // Journal of Fluids and Structures. 2018. Vol. 78. P. 175-196.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Wyen A. O. Naval Aviation in World War I. Washington, D.C. : Chief of Naval Operations, 1969. 91 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Static stability analysis on twin tail boom UAV using numerical method / A. Septiyana, M. L. Ramadiansyah, E. B. Jayanti, K. Hidayat, A. Rizaldi, N. Atmasari, P. A. P. Suseno // AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2021. Vol. 2366. № 1. P. 030002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venturi F., Taylor R. (2023). Additive Manufacturing in the Context of Repeatability and Reliability. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 1-21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stealth technology: Methods and composite materials—A review / H. Ahmad, A. Tariq, A. Shahzad, M. S. Faheem [et al.] // Polymer Composites. 2019. Vol. 40. № 12. P. 4457-4472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vozhdaev V. V., Teperin L. L. (2018). Characteristics of radar conspicuity of aircraft. Moscow: Fizmatit, 2018. 376 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steam-chest molding of expanded thermoplastic polyurethane bead foams and their mechanical properties / C. Ge, Q. Ren, S. Wang, W. Zheng, W. Zhai, C. B. Park // Chemical Engineering Science. 2017. Vol. 174. P. 337-346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vtoruj V. F., Vtoruj S. V. (2017). Prospects of environmental monitoring of agricultural facilities using unmanned aerial vehicles. AgroEcoEngineering. 92: 158-166. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suresh C. Aerodynamic performance analysis of a non-planar C-wing using CFD / C. Suresh, K. Ramesh, V. Paramaguru // Aerospace Science and Technology. 2015. Vol. 40. P. 56-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang A., Wang A. R. (2017). Conceptual Design of a QuadPlane Hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. In 2017 AIAA Student Conference Region VII-AU. 6-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szczepaniak P. Research of pneumatic distributors for launcher of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) / P. Szczepaniak, M. Jóźko // Journal of KONBiN. 2017. Vol. 43. № 1. P. 249-276.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu H., Kong D., Qian Y., Tang X. (2022). Motor noise reduction of unmanned aerial vehicles. Applied Acoustics. 198: 108979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unconventional control solutions for small fixed wing unmanned aircraft / A. Panta, A. Mohamed, M. Marino, S. Watkins, A. Fisher // Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 2018. Vol. 102. P. 122-135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zafirov D., Panayotov H. (2015). Joined-wing test bed UAV. CEAS Aeronautical Journal. 6(1): 137-147. Zaharia S. M., Pascariu I. S., Chicos L. A., Buican G. R., Pop M. A., Lancea C., Stamate V. M. (2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Wyen A. O. Naval Aviation in World War I. Washington, D.C. : Chief of Naval Operations, 1969. 91 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of the Composite UAV Used for Search-andRescue Missions. Drones. 7(10): 602.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venturi F. Additive Manufacturing in the Context of Repeatability and Reliability / F. Venturi, R. Taylor // Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2023. P. 1-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao W., Jia R., Li X., Zhao J., Xie Z. (2022). Flatwise compression behavior of composite Nomex® honeycomb sandwich structure. Journal of Sandwich Structures &amp; Materials. 24(2): 1169-1188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang A. Conceptual Design of a QuadPlane Hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicle / A. Wang, A. R. Wang // 2017 AIAA Student Conference Region VII-AU. 2017. P. 6-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu S., Wang Y., Zhou L., Yi W., Hu L., Liu J., Li H. (2023). Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of composite sandwich panels with a hybrid facesheet. Polymer Composites. 44(6).: 3196-3208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zafirov D. Joined-wing test bed UAV / D. Zafirov, H. Panayotov // CEAS Aeronautical Journal. 2014. Vol. 6. № 1. P. 137-147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zubarev Y. N., Fomin D. S., Chashchin A. N., Zabolotnova M. V. (2019). Use of unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture. Vestnik of Perm Federal Research Center. 2: 47-51. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
